Steel Dynasty - Chapter 709

[Chapter 708 Thermometer]

“Your Majesty, this is what you want.”

In the glass workshop, the supervisor handed a short glass rod to Xiao Ming. There was an obvious white trace in the middle of the glass rod.

This thing is the purpose of Xiao Ming coming here, he is the thermometer.

The earliest thermometer in history was invented by Italian scientist Galileo Galilei in 1593.

This kind of thermometer has an open glass tube at one end and a walnut-sized glass bubble at the other end. When using it, first heat the glass bubble and then insert the glass tube into the water.

At this time, as the temperature changes, the water surface in the glass tube will move up and down, and the temperature change and temperature level can be determined based on the amount of movement.

It can be said that the thermometers at this stage were filled with water. Then in the 17th century, France reduced the size of the glass bubble and changed the temperature measurement substance to mercury. This was the prototype of later thermometers.

Then the Dutchman Wallenheit used alcohol in 1709 and mercury as a measuring substance in 1714 to create a more accurate thermometer. This is the development process of the thermometer.

With the birth of the thermometer, the standards for Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures were also born.

Although a thermometer is just a small invention, it is very important because only with a thermometer can we measure the specific temperature value.

In fact, this kind of mercury-in-glass thermometer is not very precise and complicated. The steps are usually to make a hollow glass tube first, which is not difficult for today’s glass workshops.

As for the mercury bubble and the small bubble that acts as a partition in this thermometer, they are nothing more than glassblowing skills.

After making the glass rod, fill it with mercury, then heat and seal the glass tube in a low pressure environment, and heat the sealing area.

At this time, the mercury part is at the other end. The thermal conductivity of the glass is not good, so it basically does not affect the mercury. After these actions are completed, it is time to mark the scale. This task is also very simple because Xiao Ming has a ready-made standard reference. You only need to follow the modern The Celsius standard can be used.

And he is also preparing to adopt degrees Celsius as the future temperature standard for the country of Chongqing.

The thermometer in his hand is now used to measure human body temperature. His purpose is to use the human body thermometer to establish the temperature standard of Dayu, so that he can produce industrial thermometers and promote temperature standards.

In his opinion, whether it is the steel industry or the smelting industry, the temperature control of the production process is very strict. Accurate temperature control can improve the quality of industrial production.

Therefore, after the human thermometer, what he wants to produce is an industrial bimetal thermometer. This bimetal thermometer works based on the principle that two different metals expand to different degrees when the temperature changes. It can be used to detect the temperature during industrial production.

This kind of thermometer usually makes a metal sheet into the shape of a spiral coil. When the temperature of the multi-layer metal sheet changes, the metal layers of each layer expand or contract by different amounts, which causes the spiral coil to roll up or loosen.

Since one end of the spiral coil is fixed and the other end is connected to a freely rotating pointer, when the bimetal piece senses a temperature change, the pointer can indicate the temperature on a circular graduated scale.

For him, this kind of thermometer is what Qingzhou can produce at the current stage. As for the advanced resistance thermometer, it is still out of reach, but for him, this is enough for use. He only needs to give the structural diagram of the metal thermometer to the watchmaker. , this is not a problem for a watchmaker who can make a pendulum clock.

“By the way, what about microscopes?” Xiao Ming asked.

This time he not only assigned the task of producing thermometers to the glass workshop, but also handed over the task of manufacturing microscopes.

Compared with telescopes, this microscope is another extreme. He plans to build this and send it to medical school.

“Your Majesty, wait a moment. This microscope was made by another group of craftsmen. It will be here soon.” The workshop supervisor said. As soon as he finished speaking, a craftsman came towards him with a microscope.

Like the monocular telescope, the microscope in the hands of the craftsman is full of the quaint flavor of the 18th century, with glass lenses and metal bodies.

After getting these two things, Xiao Ming was satisfied. He said to Qian Dafu: “Let’s go to medical school and let Huang Tingzhi understand how powerful I am.”

Xiao Ming was happy, and Qian Dafu was also happy. Although he didn’t know this clearly. What’s the use of both, but judging from Xiao Ming’s expression, it must be something powerful.

After leaving the glass workshop, the two went directly to the medical school.

After splitting up Bowen College, Xiao Ming found another place for the medical school, not far from Bowen College, that is, the distance between two private houses.

The high mortality rate of injured soldiers in the northern war forced Xiao Ming to pay attention to the development of medical schools. If medical technology could keep up, the number of soldiers would not be reduced so drastically.

In the future, the country of Chongqing will face more wars. At this time, it is very important to cultivate a group of refined medical officers.

When he arrived at the medical school, Xiao Ming went directly to the medical clinic set up in the medical school. On weekdays, Huang Tingzhi not only taught students but also treated people here.

“Your Majesty.” Xiao Ming’s arrival surprised Huang Tingzhi, and he immediately stood up and saluted.

Xiao Ming asked Huang Tingzhi to excuse himself. He took out the thermometer and microscope and said to Huang Tingzhi: “Mr. Huang, I’m here to give you two sharp tools today.”

Huang Tingzhi was a little dazed. He looked at the glass rod in Xiao Ming’s hand, and then at Looking at the microscope, he asked confusedly: “Your Majesty, what are these?”

“Thermometer and microscope.” Xiao Ming said, he was not surprised that Huang Tingzhi didn’t know these, because Huang Tingzhi was still studying the few steps of medical classics he gave him. For the time being, I haven’t come into contact with Western things yet.

“This…” Huang Tingzhi was still a little confused.

Xiao Ming said: “How does Mr. Huang usually judge whether a person has cold?”

“Of course it’s by looking, hearing and asking.”

Xiao Ming said sternly: “With this thing, I can know whether this person is sick without looking, hearing and asking anything?”

“The emperor is joking. There is no need to look, hear and ask anything, how can the emperor know?” Huang Tingzhi suddenly laughed when he heard this.

Xiao Ming knew that Huang Tingzhi was very confident, so he had been worried that he would disdain Western medicine, so this time he came in person to let Huang Tingzhi experience the unique medical skills.

Hearing this, he said: “Mr. Huang only needs to use this thing to measure the body temperature of the patients among the medical officers.”

Then Xiao Ming explained the principle of the thermometer, and at the same time briefly explained the knowledge about human body temperature. explain.

Holding the thermometer, Huang Tingzhi looked shocked. He dubiously tested the temperature of each patient in the medical clinic.

When he saw the temperature records of each patient, he was stunned.

(End of chapter)