Royal Road - Chapter 149

[Chapter 148 | City]

Some people don’t read what the author has to say, just put it in the main text.

This chapter is published to prevent the publication of the article, and it will be replaced with the correct content tomorrow night, in order to prevent those pirated article websites lying on the author’s body and sucking blood.

If you buy it, don’t worry, this chapter will be replaced with more words tomorrow, and all readers who buy it will not suffer.

However, it seems that the ios client cannot be refreshed automatically. If someone buys it unintentionally, you can wait for the replacement tomorrow and download it again from the catalog page, so that you can see the correct content.

In order to ensure everyone’s reading experience, the anti-theft seal will only be placed on Saturday and Sunday every week, and the working day will be normal, so there is no need to worry.

Well, today I will post some information in this chapter.

Let’s talk about the Chaos of the Eight Kings first.

This was the direct cause of the Five Husbands’ chaos, and it was also the bad situation Liang Shao faced after he arrived in the Western Jin Dynasty.

The time when Liang Shao came to the Western Jin Dynasty was 303. The rebellion of the Eight Princes was almost over.

As of the current chapter, we have just entered year 305.

However, Liang Shao himself is not familiar with history, nor does he know the term “Eight Kings Rebellion” (more than eight people actually participated in the chaos. In the book of Jin, the eight main participants are listed in one volume, and only later are the eight kings in the future. Chaos) so in the main text, it will not be described in great detail.

Here are some excerpts from Baidu Encyclopedia for your understanding.

(The following content is mostly from Wikipedia, and will be replaced with the text tomorrow)

The “Eight Princes Rebellion” was one of the most serious royal civil strife in Chinese history. The turmoil caused China to enter the period of Wuhu and Sixteen Kingdoms.

Its core characters include the king of Runan, Sima Liang, the king of Chu, Sima Wei, the king of Zhao, Sima Lun, the king of Qi, Sima Ji, the king of Changsha, Sima Yi, the king of Chengdu, Sima Yong, the king of Hejian, and the eight kings of Sima Yue, the king of the East Sea.

There were more than eight kings in the Western Jin royal family who participated in the turmoil, but the eight kings were the main participants, and the “Book of Jin” collected the eight kings into a biography, so the history called this turmoil “the eight kings rebellion”.

The Sima regime of the Western Jin Dynasty was obtained with the support of the gentry bureaucrats. The Western Jin Dynasty was also the first unified dynasty in Chinese history that was completely controlled by the aristocratic family. It can be said that the gentry was the class basis for the Western Jin Dynasty to maintain its rule.

Therefore, a series of political and economic measures formulated by the Western Jin Dynasty after the founding of the state were all based on the premise of protecting the interests of the gentry and consolidating their own rule.

For example, the nine-rank system of zhongzheng guarantees the political privileges of the gentry to be officials from generation to generation, while the kinship system guarantees the economic interests of the gentry.

The reason why these preferential treatment measures for the gentry were formulated was to obtain the effective support of the gentry for the Sima’s regime.

However, Emperor Wudi of Jin Sima Yan also realized that, as a privileged class, the powerful class power of the gentry can certainly play a positive role in consolidating their own rule, but if their power is allowed to continue to expand and expand, they will constitute a potential threat to the Sima’s regime.

Emperor Wu of Jin himself obtained the throne through the “Chan Dynasty”, and he was naturally aware of the crisis of overly powerful class power. He was worried that the story of his “Chan Dynasty” would repeat itself. In addition, he believed that Cao Wei’s regime was not long-lasting. A very important reason is that Lack of protection from clan and vassal screens.

Based on these reasons and considerations, Emperor Wu of Jin took a series of targeted measures, the most important of which was to confer a son of the same clan as king.

In the first year of Taishi (265), when the Western Jin Dynasty was founded, Emperor Wu of Jin divided 27 kings with the same surname, and made the county as the country; after that, he continued to expand the power of the kings of the clan. Taxation of the closed country.

In the second year of Xianning (277), Emperor Wu of Jin formulated a system for the kingdom to set up an army, and divided the feudal kingdom into major, minor, and minor.

When Emperor Wu of Jin divided the kings with the same surname, he also enshrined nobles with different surnames as dukes, marquis, uncles, sons, males and other titles, and they also had fiefs.

The power of the princes and kings of the Western Jin Dynasty mainly came from their positions.

The princes and kings of the Western Jin Dynasty served as the military governors and local governors on the one hand.

The kings had administrative power and a considerable number of troops. As a result, many kings held the military and political power of the feudal country.

Emperor Wu of Jin conferred the descendants of the Sima clan as kings. His purpose was to create a royal power that could conquer the imperial clan to fight against the ambitions among the nobles. Therefore, he endowed the clan king with great political and military power, such as abolishing the imperial family. The prefectures and counties are armed, and allow the clan king to have the right to have his own army in his own feudal country, allow the clan king to go out of the town and allow the clan king to participate in politics, etc.

In particular, allowing the clan kings to leave the town and allowing the clan kings to participate in politics is the most serious, because once the clan kings who participate in government affairs use their special political status and political privileges to collude with the vassal kings who have left the town, it will inevitably disrupt the normality of the central government. The operational mechanism and operational order, coupled with the defensive barrier of the kingdom’s own army, will inevitably cause the entire situation to be turbulent.

Judging from these places, Emperor Wu of Jin only saw the power of the clan when he enfeoffed the king of the clan, but he did not pay attention to the potential threat to the central government caused by the excessive expansion of the power of the clan king, which buried hidden dangers for the occurrence of rebellion.

The important reason

for the Eight Princes Rebellion was the major mistake made by Emperor Wu of Jin Sima Yan in arranging the successor.

His major mistakes in the establishment of the crown prince and the selection of the prince concubine caused Jiananfeng to take control of politics and power, which directly led to the outbreak of the Eight Kings Rebellion.

The operation of centralist rule in ancient China mainly relied on two factors: first, the centralized system, especially the relationship between the emperor and the prime minister, local governor, and minister of military command.

Second, to have a ruling group that can seriously implement the system and, most importantly, have a prestige and capable emperor.

Both are indispensable.

In the early years of the Western Jin Dynasty, the above two factors were basically satisfied.

The Western Jin Dynasty has just unified the whole country. Emperor Wu of Jin himself has the ability to rule and has a relatively high prestige, so he can firmly hold the supreme power in his own hands and maintain the stability of the political situation.

At the same time, the land was vast and sparsely populated, and the land problem was not serious; the Jin Dynasty promulgated the land occupation law and the household adjustment system, dismissed the state and county soldiers, and the taxation and corvée were not very heavy, so the entire social production was developing forward.

If the emperor who succeeded Emperor Wu of Jin after his death was not very stupid and talented, or if the auxiliary minister who accepted the order had considerable prestige and talent, and could basically control the political situation, there would be no suitable environment for the Eight Princes Rebellion to occur. .

However, this is far from the case of the successor emperor and the co-minister who accepts his orders.

The successor of Emperor Wu of Jin was Sima Zhong, Emperor Hui of Jin.

He was born to Empress Yang, Emperor Wu of Jin. Above him, his older brother Sima Jiu died early, and the younger brothers were too young. Therefore, in the third year of Taishi (267), he was established as the crown prince, when he was nine years old. is the rightful heir to the throne.

However, his nature is dull, and the world says he is an idiot.

Many ministers advocated his abolition from the interests of the Jin Dynasty and the feudal landlord class. The more prominent ones were Wei Gan and He Qiao.

Emperor Wu of Jin was also worried about the prince, but he was afraid that the throne would fall to his lineage. In addition, Sima Zhong’s son, Sima Yun, was young and intelligent, and he seemed to have the qualities of a prince, and Emperor Wu loved him very much.

In order to make his beloved grandson inherit the throne in the future, it is not easy to save.

However, the guards are not talented, the imperial power has fallen, and the source of chaos has become.

There is still controversy among historians about the cause of the Eight Princes Rebellion.

It can be said that the vicious development of the power of the gentry and clans provided a political foundation for the occurrence of the Eight Kings Rebellion; the system of dividing the feudal lands gave Zongwang a base for his own economic strength and military strength; The commander-in-chief of Zongwang held considerable military power, which was the military foundation for them to dare to launch a rebellion; Emperor Wu of Jin did not choose heirs properly, which provided a favorable opportunity for the rebels.

The direct cause of the Eight Kings Rebellion was the dictatorship of Empress Jia.

The empress of Emperor Hui of Jin, Jia Nanfeng, is the daughter of Jia Chong, the founder of the country. Da Sima Zhong is two years old. She is ugly and fierce, has political ambitions, and has vicious methods.

During the reign of Emperor Wu of the Jin Dynasty, both the Jia family and the Yang family had important political positions.

After the death of Emperor Wu of Jin, Emperor Hui of Jin was incapable of governing the government, which caused the clan and relatives to fight for power and profits, and Jia Nanfeng was able to dictatorship.

The feminist ruling policy promoted by Jiananfeng became the direct result of the Eight Kings Rebellion.

The first stage

, under the single-handed planning of Jiananfeng, started from March, the first year of Yuankang (291), when King Sima Wei of Chu went to Beijing to kill Yang Jun, and ended in June when Sima Wei was killed.

Within three months, two ministers, Yang Jun and Wei Kuan, were killed, and two vassal kings, Sima Liang and Sima Wei, were killed.

The second stage

started from the ninth year of Yuankang (299) and ended in the first year of Guangxi (306).

Jiananfeng has been in power for eight years, and the society is relatively calm.

But she didn’t have a son. In order to be the queen mother in the future, she murdered the prince Sima Yun.

Zhao Wang Sima Lun, Sun Xiu and others forged the edict of Emperor Hui of Jin, and on the charge of killing the prince, abolished the empress to kill, executed and dismissed the Empress Jia and the rest of the party, and then abolished Emperor Hui and established himself as emperor.

Because of Zhao Wanglun’s incompetence, the Qi King Sima Jue of Xuchang, together with the Hejian King Sima Yong of Chang’an in Guanzhong, and the Chengdu King Sima Ying of Yecheng took the opportunity to attack.

Sima Lun was defeated, and the rest of the party was cleared.

The government was plundered by the victor of the war, Sima Liang. He was addicted to women’s lust, and his political affairs were abandoned.

Sima Yong, the king of Hejian, wanted to get rid of Sima Ji, but Sima Yi, who was stationed in Luoyang, took the lead.

This person is also the only one who has talent and courage among the Eight Kings.

“Book of Jin” says: 1 “Changsha is extremely talented in materials, loyal and respectful of the customs, throwing a bow and tucking the door, with the spirit of a strong man; galloping in Wei Que, with the style of martyrs. Although Fuyang Jiushutun, in The love of the three is not to be taken away. To care for his legacy, it will always be impressive.”; 2 “Changsha served the country, and has always been slack; Excellent, humble corporal, very famous.”

However, how could the King of Hejian and the King of Chengdu let the power fall, so they joined forces to attack Luoyang.

At this point, it was the time when Liang Shao crossed.

After that, the butterfly will slowly flap its wings and change the world =w=